Direct - Indirect speech ( Narration)

(A) Direct Narration: - Direct narration is a kind of speech which is reported by some other person exactly in the words spoken by the speaker. This speech is placed within inverted commas.
(1) She said to him ,"I am eating the food. " ( Direct Narration)

(B) Indirect Narration:-Indirect narration is a speech which is reported by some other person by using certain conjunction in place of commas and making necessary changes in the verb and the pronouns of the reported speech.
(1) She told him that she was eating the food. ( Indirect Narration)

Rules How To Change in Narration

* If the Reporting verb is in the past, the tense of the Reported speech change into past as follows.

(a) Present tense change into past tense

Present indefinite --- Past indefinite
Present continuous --- Past continuous
Present perfect --- Past perfect
Present perfect continuous--- Past perfect continuous

(b) Past tense change as follows

Past indefinite --- Past perfect
Past continuous --- Past continuous
Past perfect --- No change
Past perfect continuous--- No change

(c) will /shall change into would /should
( d) Modals are change as follows
May --- Might
Can --- Could
Should --- No change
must --- No change